An Approach to One Health with a Pakistan perspective to Address Zoonotic Health Issues

Human health is severely impacted by the proliferation and recurrence of zoonotic diseases, particularly in poor regions where people have more interaction with domiciliary and zoo animals. Approximately three-quarters of all animal-borne ailments are spread either directly from animals to people or indirectly through contact between animals and humans, acting as vectors. Factors including population growth, international trade, urbanization, and interactions between wildlife, humans, and the natural environment all have a role in the emergence and dissemination of zoonotic diseases. When it comes to improving the health of humans, animals, and ecosystems, "One Health" is a multidisciplinary idea that is seldom adopted in less developed countries. There is a detrimental effect on human, animal, and environmental health due to the shortage of resources in Pakistan. This overview describes the most common animal-borne illnesses in Pakistan and highlights the value of the “One Health” idea in the struggle to eradicate them. In light of the present situation, multidisciplinary research is needed to carry out and maintain long-term, constructive approaches by using accurate diagnostic tools and environmental health monitoring.