Proton Pump Inhibitors and Self-Medication: A Survey Conducted Among Patients in the Casablanca-Settat Region

Introduction Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are key medications in the treatment of acid-related gastric disorders. Their use has become widespread since their introduction to the market. However, this popularity has revealed significant issues of misuse, particularly concerning in the context of self-medication.  Objective This study aims to evaluate self-medication practices related to this class of drugs among the population of the Casablanca-Settat region. The goal is to understand the habits associated with PPI use, identify potential dangers, and propose measures to improve the safety and efficacy of their use.  Material and Methods A cross-sectional, observational, and descriptive study was conducted over two months, from July 17 to September 17, 2023. Data were collected through a comprehensive questionnaire on Google Forms, accessible via a link distributed to patients in the region.  Results The survey included 105 participants, the majority of whom were women. Individuals aged 25 to 65 constituted 59% of the sample, and 81% of the participants had medical coverage. The main reported indications for PPI use were gastroesophageal reflux disease (37.5%), use in combination with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (19.5%), and dyspepsia (12.5%). A large majority of 79% of the participants expressed satisfaction with their self-medication practice, highlighting the perceived effectiveness of PPIs in managing their symptoms.  Conclusion Although the high satisfaction rate, our study revealed various forms of misuse related to this practice. This concerning reality calls for close collaboration between healthcare professionals, patients, and health institutions to address this issue and promote rational use of this class of drugs. Increased awareness and education about the appropriate use of PPIs can help mitigate the risks associated with self-medication and improve patient outcomes.