Analysis of changes in angular coordinates of cutting tools when conducting technological operations under different cutting conditions

This study aims to optimize cutting conditions by controlling the working angles of cutting tools when machining shaped surfaces and changing operating parameters of the cutting process for technological reasons. The study object includes cutting conditions for machining shaped surfaces, their influence on the operating parameters of the cutting process, the working angles of cutting tools (rake angle and lead angle), and cutting edge inclination. When developing mathematical models, we used methods of the theory of cutting, analytical mechanics, and thermodynamics. Static and kinematic geometry analysis of a blade in a cutting tool showed that changes in the angular coordinates of the front surface of a blade require the introduction of controlled rotation axes when conducting technological operations under different cutting conditions. These axes should control the main blade angles, i.e., lead angle, rake angle, and cutting edge inclination. With more than 85% of the tool penetration, the working angles considerably change even when its installation errors are relatively small. It is proposed to introduce controlled rotation axes of the front surface of a blade in a cutting tool by its main angles, i.e., lead angle, rake angle, and cutting edge inclination. It is shown that working angles considerably change even when its installation errors are relatively small. The study revealed that these angles constructively limit the regulation range of the rake angle of a cutting tool due to the impermissible reduction of the back relief angle; these angles should be taken into account when calculating the power characteristics of the cutting process. Thus, in order to solve the problem of stabilizing the working angles of cutting tools, new methods and technologies should be developed, which would make it possible to control kinematic parameters in the cutting process more accurately. It is important to take into account the influence of various factors such as workpiece material, cutting tool type, and cutting conditions.