Antibiotic Susceptibility and Molecular Characterization of Pseudomonas fluorescens from Hospital Biomedical Waste in Kalahandi, India

The prevalent application of antibiotics and the rise of antibiotic resistance in healthcare settings present challenges. However, antibiotics and antibiotic resistance as potential environmental threats and hazards have received less attention. The increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance among various organisms is a significant concern for modern medicine. Variations in prevalence and resistance rates highlight the need for standardized monitoring and control strategies. Our findings, based on 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis, provide valuable insights into bacterial classification and evolutionary relationships. Additionally, Pseudomonas fluorescens is emerging as a multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogen, with resistance patterns influenced by geographical factors and antibiotic exposure. The complete resistance of the MDR-08 strain to five antibiotics is particularly concerning, underscoring the urgent need for stricter antibiotic stewardship and improved hospital waste management practices.