Analysis of complications of dental treatment using orthopedic structures with different types of fixation on dental implants

Dental treatment using dental implants with partial and complete absence of teeth is becoming a priority among all methods of orthopedic dental treatment. One of the urgent issues is the justification of the choice of fixation of prostheses on implants. To date, screw, cement and combined fixation of prosthetic structures based on dental implants are distinguished. Understanding the biomechanical properties, manufacturing features, and fixation of the prosthesis will help the clinician choose the ideal design for each clinical case, as well as improve the final aesthetic and functional results. Currently, the most important task of practical dentistry is the prevention of complications associated with the peculiarities of prosthetics on dental implants. The purpose of the study: to analyze the complications of dental treatment using non-removable orthopedic structures supported by dental implants using various methods of fixation. Materials and methods. The article presents the results of a three–year clinical study of 136 dental implants with different types of fixation of orthopedic structures: 46 with cement fixation, 52 with screw fixation and 38 with combined fixation. A dental examination of 50 patients was performed with the recording of clinical and radiological parameters. Statistical differences between the groups were determined using Pearson’s chi-square test (at p<0.05). Conclusion. The results of this study make it possible to identify structures with a combined type of fixation as a priority in prosthetics on dental implants due to their excellent aesthetics, occlusion, and ease of manufacture, reduction of the patient’s stay in the dental chair and a low level of all types of complications.