Application of MASW, Microtremor, and Seismic Refraction Tests for Buildings in Vulnerable Communities

The structural system is an essential component in engineering and architecture, determining the stability, strength, and functionality of buildings. This study addresses the integration of geophysical data obtained through techniques such as Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW), microtremors, and seismic refraction in architectural and structural design, with special attention to its application in expanding urban areas and vulnerable communities. These methods allow for the characterization of the soil’s dynamic properties, identifying critical vibration periods that influence structural behavior, especially in sandy soils near rock outcrops up to 30 m deep. The discrepancy between soil vibration periods and structural periods can induce resonance phenomena, highlighting the need to incorporate geophysical analyses in the design to avoid structural failures. By using adapted equations, the dimensions of load-bearing elements like columns are optimized, considering stiffness, mass, and local seismic conditions. The results obtained through computational tools validate the effectiveness of this approach, ensuring safer and more sustainable designs. This study emphasizes the importance of merging geophysical and dynamic knowledge to optimize structural performance and promote resilience in complex geophysical environments. Incorporating soil vibration analysis not only improves building safety but also contributes to sustainable urban development, especially in regions prone to seismic events.