A Tutorial for Scanning Electrochemical Cell Microscopy (SECCM) Measurements: Step-by-Step Instructions, Visual Resources, and Guidance for First Experiments

Scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM) produces nanoscale-resolution electrochemical maps of electrode surfaces using the meniscus at the tip of an electrolyte-filled nanopipette as a mobile electrochemical cell. While the use and range of applications of SECCM have grown rapidly since its introduction, the pathway to performing SECCM measurements can be daunting to those without direct access to expert users. This work fills this expertise gap by providing a step-by-step guide to performing one's first SECCM experiments, including troubleshooting strategies, videos/images, suggested parameters and experimental systems, and representative data (of both successful experiments and common problems). No background in SECCM is assumed and fundamentals are clearly explained at each stage with a rationale for the experimental steps provided. This work provides an entry point for the uninitiated to understand and use this powerful nanoscale electrochemical characterization technique.