THE FEATURES OF THE SYSTEM OF CHECKS AND BALANCES IN BRAZIL

The article analyzes the system of checks and balances in Brazil as a key principle of democratic governance that ensures a balance between the legislative, executive and judicial branches.The peculiarities of the system of checks and balances in Brazil are as follows: the activities of the President of Brazil and the judiciary are carried out on the basis of laws adopted by the National Congress; the head of state has the right to veto laws adopted by the Parliament; the President of Brazil has the right to appoint judges of the Federal Supreme Court, higher judges with the consent of the upper house of Parliament; the President appoints and dismisses ministers at his/her discretion; the President of Brazil is vested with the right of legislative initiative; the National Congress has the right to remove the President of the Republic of Brazil.The President of Brazil is elected for four years, senators -for eight years, members of the Chamber of Deputiesfor four years.The article analyzes the factors that negatively affect the balance of the system of checks and balances in Brazil: political polarization, corruption; excessive interference of the judiciary in political processes; low level of public trust in government authorities; bureaucratization, etc.The results of the study are important not only for understanding the functioning of the system of checks and balances in Brazil, but also for a comparative analysis of this system in other countries.The article offers recommendations for improving the system of checks and balances in Brazil: optimize legislative and executive processes to avoid stagnation; improve anti-corruption mechanisms; the judiciary should be independent; promote transparency and involvement of civil society in decision-making processes.