State-of-the-art Review of Enzyme Induced Calcite Precipitation in Soils

Soil improvement is considered as an alternative when the natural soil cannot meet the engineering requirements. Previously, applying cement or lime to the soil was one of the most popular ways to improve it. Many modified soil improvement techniques are now available. But some of these methods are not environmentally friendly, while others are hard to carry out. The way for the development of bio-stabilization techniques has been created by the discovery of alternatives to soil stabilisation by mechanical and chemical stabilisation. The process of bio-stabilization, which encourages ureolysis and results in the precipitation of calcite in the soil mass, commonly makes use of enzymes. According to recent research on environmentally friendly ground improvement methods, Enzyme Induced Calcite Precipitation (EICP)has recently gained popularity as a suitable option for improving soil. Bio-cementation via EICP increases the strength and stiffness by clogging the voids and binding the soil particles with calcium carbonate.