Analyzing the Energy Storage System Efficiency Onboard Diesel-Electric Trains on the Zelenogorsk — Vyborg Railway with Low Passenger Traffic

Purpose: To analyze the feasibility of integrating the energy storage system into diesel trains, to determine its technical parameters, and to evaluate its energy efficiency. Additionally, to identify further research areas in this field aimed at improving the energy efficiency of railway transport, reducing operational costs, and minimizing environmental impact. Methods: The specific features of the Zelenogorsk-Vyborg line including gradients, curves and speed limits were investigated to assess the potential for energy recovery during train braking and idling. A Simulink-based mathematical model was built using the basic equations of the energy balance in the locomotive diesel drive. The model includes such factors as traction engine power, transmission characteristics, train weight and track profile. Results: The study has determined the capacity of the energy storage system required for energy recovery during braking and idling periods. The integration of the energy storage system will optimize the diesel generator operation, reduce peak loads, and improve acceleration performance, particularly, on difficult route sections. Practical significance: The study provides a theoretical foundation for applying the energy storage system in diesel rolling stock. The proposed system enhances the energy efficiency of diesel trains by recovering and reusing energy. Improved energy efficiency and reduced wear of the diesel engine lead to lower operational and maintenance costs. The system ensures smoother acceleration and braking enhancing passenger comfort, especially on routes with variable terrain. Similar technologies have already been successfully implemented in electric trains and hybrid vehicles confirming their effectiveness in reducing energy consumption and improving environmental performance.