Evaluating the efficacy of midwifery led-care unit for optimizing maternal and infant health outcomes in India: an evidence based systematic review

The establishment of midwife-led care units (MLCUs), a model in which midwives play pivotal roles in optimizing maternal and neonatal outcomes with minimal interventions, has shown promise in elevating care quality and enhancing childbirth experiences. This article examines the requisite investments for incorporating MLCUs into the public health framework by analysing their merits, contemporary maternal mortality trends, midwives' functions, pertinent contextual factors, and recent innovations in Indian midwifery practices. The midwifery-led care approach is underpinned by the philosophy that views pregnancy and childbirth as natural physiological processes. Employing midwives, especially in low-risk pregnancies, offers both adequate and economically viable care. India's government has commenced the integration of midwifery services nationwide to enhance care quality, equity, and efficiency, while reducing the strain on tertiary healthcare facilities. The World Health Organization's designation of 2020 as the "Year of the Nurse and Midwife" underscored the critical role that these professionals play in maintaining high-quality healthcare. Moreover, garnering support from both medical practitioners and the general public is essential for successful future development and implementation of MLCUs across India.