A Satellite Momentum Wheel Digital Twin Model Based on Multi-step Parameter Optimization Method

The satellite momentum wheel is an essential component of the satellite attitude control system. Its operating status is directly related to the normal operation of the satellite and the quality of mission completion. However, due to the limitations of the satellite’s visible window and communication channels, it is difficult to obtain rich monitoring information to characterize the operating status of the momentum wheel system. Therefore, this paper proposes a digital twin method based on multi-parameter optimization to track key parameters affecting the satellite’s operating status, achieving monitoring of the satellite momentum wheel’s operating status. Firstly, by constructing a mechanism model of the satellite momentum wheel, the simulation of the momentum wheel under the influence of different degradation factors is realized from the perspectives of mechanics and electromagnetism. Then, combined with heuristic algorithms, the key parameters in the physical model are updated based on data from the physical entity, achieving tracking of the actual status of the momentum wheel by the twin model. Simulation experiments verify that the model established in this paper has higher accuracy and more data dimensions compared to traditional simulation models. Through verification of the proposed parameter update strategy, it is demonstrated that the proposed method can accurately identify the operating status of the momentum wheel.