Three-Dimensional Differential Game Guidance Law Based on Virtual Target

To address the problem of a single missile having a limited interception range, a differential game cooperative guidance law (DGCG) based on virtual targets is proposed. This approach enables more effective coverage of the escape area of a highly maneuverable target. First, the guidance process is modeled as a pursuit-evasion game, and a linearized multi-to-one three-dimensional motion model is established. Based on this model, virtual targets are created to converge on the real target from various directions. By selecting miss distance, attack time, and energy as performance indicators, the optimal guidance law for missiles is derived based on the Hamiltonian method and the minimum principle. This ensures the coverage of the target's escape area by multiple missiles while reducing energy consumption. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed DGCG can be verified through simulations. These simulations demonstrate its ability to control multiple missiles to surround and attack the target from different directions.