BLE-Based Real-Time Health Monitoring for Disaster Zones

This article presents a novel Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) -based health monitoring system designed for disaster response scenarios where traditional medical infrastructure is compromised. The system employs a three-tier architecture comprising patient-interface sensors, a distributed network of relay nodes, and centralized monitoring stations to overcome the limitations of conventional health monitoring approaches in disaster contexts. Our system achieves extended battery life, increased connection reliability, and enhanced operational resilience in challenging environments through innovations in BLE connection management, power optimization, and firmware update methodologies. Comprehensive field testing across laboratory settings, simulated disaster exercises, remote locations, and scaling assessments demonstrate the system's superior performance in maintaining continuous health monitoring capabilities even under adverse conditions. Integration of artificial intelligence enhances triage capabilities, improves provider efficiency, and facilitates early detection of patient deterioration. The results indicate that this purpose-built monitoring system offers a viable solution for addressing the critical challenge of continuous health surveillance during disaster response operations.