Mastering Truss Structure Optimization With Tree Search

Abstract This study investigates the combined use of generative grammar rules and Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) for optimizing truss structures. Our approach accommodates intermediate construction stages characteristic of progressive construction settings. We demonstrate the significant robustness and computational efficiency of our approach compared to alternative reinforcement learning frameworks from previous research activities, such as Q-learning or deep Q-learning. These advantages stem from the ability of MCTS to strategically navigate large state spaces, leveraging the upper confidence bounds for trees formula to effectively balance exploitation–exploration trade-offs. We also emphasize the importance of early decision nodes in the search tree, reflecting design choices crucial for highly performative solutions. Additionally, we show how MCTS dynamically adapts to complex and extensive state spaces without significantly affecting solution quality. While the focus of this article is on truss optimization, our findings suggest that MCTS is a powerful tool for addressing other increasingly complex engineering applications.