MetaGen: A framework for metaheuristic development and hyperparameter optimization in machine and deep learning

Hyperparameter optimization is a pivotal step in enhancing model performance within machine learning. Traditionally, this challenge is addressed through metaheuristics, which efficiently explore large search spaces to uncover optimal solutions. However, implementing these techniques can be complex without adequate development tools, which is the primary focus of this paper. Hence, we introduce MetaGen , a novel Python package designed to provide a comprehensive framework for developing and evaluating metaheuristic algorithms. MetaGen follows best practices in Python design, ensuring minimalistic code implementation, intuitive comprehension, and full flexibility in solution representation. The package defines two distinct user roles: Developers, responsible for algorithm implementation for hyperparameter optimization, and Solvers, who leverage pre-implemented metaheuristics to address optimization problems. Beyond algorithm implementation, MetaGen facilitates benchmarking through built-in test functions, ensuring standardized performance comparisons. It also provides automated reporting and visualization tools to analyze optimization progress and outcomes effectively. Furthermore, its modular design allows distribution and integration into existing machine learning workflows. Several illustrative use cases are presented to demonstrate its adaptability and efficacy. The package, along with code, a user manual, and supplementary materials, is available at: https://github.com/Data-Science-Big-Data-Research-Lab/MetaGen .