360-Degree Signal Coverage: Design and Testing of an Omnidirectional Biquad Antenna

This paper presents the design, fabrication, and evaluation of an Omnidirectional Biquad Antenna, a critical advancement in wireless communication technology. The antenna offers uniform signal coverage across a 360-degree horizontal plane, making it ideal for applications such as Wi-Fi, IoT, and mobile networks. The study emphasizes the use of a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) to optimize the antenna’s performance, focusing on key parameters like impedance matching, gain, and bandwidth. Empirical results demonstrate that the practical model outperforms traditional dipole antennas and models based on existing research, highlighting the antenna’s potential in next-generation communication systems.