Single-photon trapping in a giant-atom cavity coupled to a one-dimensional waveguide

Giant atoms introduce promising avenues for enhancing light-matter interaction in waveguides, which plays a crucial role in quantum information processing and quantum state control. In this work, we study the dynamics of a system comprising a single-photon Gaussian pulse initially inside a cavity with giant-atom mirrors coupled to a one-dimensional waveguide. The decay rate of the photon pulse can be significantly minimized by using giant atoms instead of point atoms and by carefully selecting the spacing between the coupling points of the giant atom to the waveguide. The quality factor for the cavity is analyzed by varying the number of atoms, coupling points, and coupling point spacing in each mirror to find the optimal parameters for a high $Q$-factor cavity. Our work contributes to the design of more efficient, high-quality quantum devices such as integrated quantum photonic circuits.