1,2,3‐Triazole Tethered Spiro[Indoline‐Oxirane] Derivatives Induce Anticancer Effects in Human Hepatoma Cells
Epoxides are well-known compounds as anticancer agents. In this article, we present the synthesis of novel 3'-phenyl-1-((1-aryl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-5-yl)methyl)spiro[indoline-3,2'-oxiran]-2-one derivatives by the regioselective reaction of sulfur ylides with 1,2,3-triazole-tethered isatins and their anticancer effects on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells HepG2 and HCCLM3. The cell viability assays indicated that RR-01 and RR-07 had emerged as the most potent cytotoxic agents on the tested cell lines. Colony formation and migration assay results confirmed the anticancer effects of these compounds by inhibiting the formation of colonies and migration. Further, nuclear fragmentation staining assay showed that the compounds induce apoptosis. Acridine orange staining assays showed that our lead candidates (RR-01 and RR-07) induced autophagy in liver cancer cells.
Authors
- Sulaiman Ali Alharbi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4196-2746)
- Chandra Sekhar Bhol (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3397-6483)
- Toreshettahally R. Swaroop (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0087-6331)
- Veeresha Gowda Shalini
- Habbanakuppe D. Preetham
- Kwang Seok Ahn
- Arunachalam Chinnathambi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5075-5901)
- Shobith Rangappa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9800-7192)
- Prasanna D. Shivaramu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7071-6619)
- Chandramohan Govindasamy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8644-9957)
- Kanchugarakoppal Subbegowda Rangappa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0572-6305)
- Rajaghatta N. Suresh
- S Rajesh
Institutions
- National University of Singapore (SG)
- University of Mysore (IN)
- King Saud University (SA)
- Kyung Hee University (KR)
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IN)
- Visvesvaraya Technological University (IN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Chemical Biology & Drug Design
- Published
- 2025-03-26
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1111/cbdd.70091
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Click Chemistry and Applications
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.94
Funders
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India
- Science and Engineering Research Board