Characteristics of the development of the architectural environment of Astana: an urban planning perspective

Motives: The study was motivated by the architectural development of Astana, particularly in the context of socio-political changes following the relocation of Kazakhstan’s capital. Aim: The aim of the study was to analyze the unique features of the development of the architectural environment of residential areas in Astana and the factors influencing its development. During the research, a comprehensive analysis of the influence of historical, social, political, cultural, and ethnic factors on the development and transformation of the architectural and planning ensemble of Astana was carried out. Results: The study showed that the evolution of civilization leads to changes in the typology of buildings and structures, creating unique architectural objects using innovative constructive and artistic solutions, which, in turn, contribute to the development of innovative scientific and industrial complexes with a multifunctional structure focused on the sustainable development of the urban environment. Historical trends in the development of urban space using innovative buildings and methods of their creation included an analysis of the levels of development of such buildings and the identification of the main differences between them, and the specificity of creating buildings with an innovative approach, taking into account the sustainable development of the urban environment. Urban space was considered as a system of residential areas with innovative design, focused on information and activity needs. Conclusions: The study identified the unique elements of the architectural environment, which are not only associated with the status of the capital, but also reflect strategic national development, being key elements in the development of a common urban identity. In addition, the study included an analysis of the relationship between architectural development and economic factors influencing the development of the urban environment, including examples of successful integration of innovative buildings into the economic life of the city and their contribution to strengthening its competitiveness on the world stage. The influence of environmental aspects on the architectural concept of Astana was revealed. The results of the study may help identify unique features and patterns, thus contributing to the development of effective strategies for managing urban infrastructure and creating a comfortable living environment.