Comparative Geographical Analysis of the Altitudinal Distribution of Geomes in Different Physico-Geographical Regions

On the example of geosystems of the Baikal region, a new algorithm of comparative geographical methods of landscape analysis of high-altitude differentiation of territories has been developed and implemented to identify the regional specifics of the areal manifestation of different geomes (the smallest homogeneous geosystems of the regional level) by altitude factor.The frequency distributions (occurrences) of geome habitats by elevation gradations were used as initial data, obtained by overlay methods, i.e. superimposing digital elevation model onto a geome grid of a digital landscape map of the South of Eastern Siberia. The statistical assessment of frequency distributions is based on the concepts and formulas of reliability theory, which is used to calculate indicators of reliability of existence, and integrated hazard of functioning of geomes of four physico-geographical regions by altitude factor.The hazard functions are converted by logarithm into linear dependencies, which differ only by declination indicators that determine the shape of the distribution of geomers in height. The similarity of these indicators in different physical and geographical regions indicates the similarity of geomic structures. Dependencies form a group of transformations consisting of equivalence classes as congruences of lines with different localization centers. According to the order of values of the declination index, linear connections form homological series of geomes, that structurally similar to each other and similar in place and conditions of origin. A territorial comparison was carried out: changes were compared with the height of linear dependencies of genomes of different physico-geographical regions in order to substantiate their similarities and differences. As a result of comparative geographical analysis, it was found that in different territories the high-altitude structure of the distribution of areas of the same geomes differs in modal characteristics, which is due to the difference in climatic conditions and the peculiarities of the geographical environment. The linearized height dependences also differ in the slope of the linear connection, which combines the connections into bundles of lines of two congruences corresponding to classes of steppe and mountain-taiga geomes with different location of modal height characteristics. This reflects the peculiarity of the manifestation of the same geomes in different physico-geographical regions.