INDIVIDUAL ANATOMICAL VARIABILITY OF THE HUMAN EXTERNAL EAR (LITERATURE REVIEW)

Connection of the publication with planned research works.This work is a fragment of the SRW "Individual anatomical variability of the structure of the human external ear", state registration number 0120U102024.Introduction.Individual anatomical variability of a person is the focus of many researchers.Another outstanding scientist, surgeon and anatomist, M.I.Pirogov wrote that individual anatomical variability is a cornerstone in the treatment of patients.In the 30s of the 20th century, his follower, also a surgeon V.M. Shevkunenko formalized these data into the doctrine of individual anatomical variability of a person, identified the main types of human body structure and provided a scientific definition and practical significance of the problem under study.Around the world, many researchers study anatomical variability in relation to organs and systems, or anatomical variability itself as a biological phenomenon.The data accumulated during these studies have great theoretical and practical significance.The information obtained makes it possible to choose more individual methods of research and treatment of various pathological conditions of patients, and knowledge of the patterns of individual topography is of great importance in reconstructive and reconstructive surgery and forensic medical examinations.The applied use of this information allows you to choose a perfect form of prostheses, which improves their functionality, and to develop new tools for diagnosing and treating various diseases in people of different ages, genders and body types.The aim of the study.Analyze information about the individual anatomical variability of the human external ear according to literary sources. Object and research methods.Bibliographic analysis is based on domestic and foreign articles, monographs published over the past 10 years.The search was carried out in the scientometric databases PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, MedLine using the following key words: "individual anatomical variability", "external ear", "human". Main part.Analysis of data from modern literature shows that today, despite the rapid development of science, the parameters of individual anatomical variability of the human external ear, depending on gender, age, ethnicity and craniotype, are not sufficiently studied [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13].Appropriate morphometric research methods are necessary to obtain reliable and accurate data.In modern literature, there is no generally accepted methodology for obtaining information regarding individual anatomical variability in general and the human external ear.At present, several various measurement methods have been developed for measuring the human external ear, but the choice of one or another method depends on the purpose of its use [14][15][16][17][18][19].Thus, Chinese scientist Hao Fan and co-authors from