Adaptive Anatomical Characteristics of Vegetative Organs in Cynara L. Varieties under Different Soil Salinity Conditions

This study investigates the anatomical structure of the vegetative organs-leaves, petioles, and stems-of promising artichoke varieties, specifically Imperial Star and Violettto.A particular focus was placed on the anatomy of the petiole, alongside a comparative analysis of biometric indicators, to explore the relationship between organ strength and plant life forms.The findings revealed distinct structural diagnostic patterns in the morphological characteristics of these artichoke varieties.The insights gained not only facilitate accurate identification of plant specimens but also hold potential applications in botanical systematics.Additionally, the observed anatomical features serve as valuable tools for assessing the presence of biologically active compounds in various organs and tissues, extending their significance beyond taxonomy.Ultimately, this research enhances our understanding of the ecological adaptations of artichokes by illuminating the intricate anatomical structures of their vegetative organs.