Development of basic competency test instrument and test categorization for professional libero players aged 14-18 years

The libero position is designed to improve defensive and receiving skills, allowing the team to remain competitive in the game by increasing the chances of scoring through effective attack. The purpose of this study was to develop a basic proficiency test instrument and categorization of professional volleyball libero player tests for ages 14-18 years. The method used is the development of the ADDIE model (analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation). Data analysis used descriptive analysis and categorization based on 3 levels, namely low (XM +1SD) on 6 test items and 1 test item, namely running with 3 low levels (X>M +1SD), medium (M-1SD ≤X ≤M +1SD), and high (X