The prevalence and risk factors of gouty arthritis among fishermen in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria

Aim: This study aimed to explore the prevalence and risk factors of gout among fishermen in the Niger Delta. Methods: A total of 300 fishermen, aged 25–65 years, were recruited through stratified sampling. Data on demographic characteristics, seafood and alcohol consumption, physical activity, obesity, and family history of gout were collected using structured questionnaires and clinical assessments. Logistic regression analysis was applied to identify significant predictors of gout. Results: The study found that the prevalence of gout was 27%, with the highest occurrence among participants aged 46–55 years. Significant risk factors included high seafood intake (OR = 3.2, P < 0.01), alcohol consumption (OR = 2.8, P < 0.01), obesity (OR = 1.9, P = 0.03), physical inactivity (OR = 1.7, P = 0.04), and family history of gout (OR: 1.5, P = 0.05). Seafood consumption was identified as the most significant predictor of gout. Conclusions: This study revealed a significant prevalence of gout among fishermen in the Niger Delta, with high seafood consumption, alcohol intake, obesity, family history and physical inactivity identified as major contributors. Targeted public health interventions, such as dietary education programs, campaigns to reduce alcohol consumption, initiatives to promote physical activity, and regular health screenings, are essential to mitigate the prevalence and impact of gout among fishermen.