Epidemiological characteristics and anatomical distribution of glomus tumors: a single-center retrospective study

Aims: Glomus tumors are rare, benign neoplasms arising from the glomus body, primarily found in the extremities. Although their clinical presentation is well-documented, their epidemiological characteristics and uncommon localizations remain subjects of ongoing research. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed pathologically confirmed glomus tumor cases diagnosed at our institution between 2009 and 2025. Demographic data and anatomical localization were assessed. Results: A total of 36 patients met the inclusion criteria, with a female predominance (n=19, 52.7%). The mean age at diagnosis was 48.97±14.31 years. Most tumors were located in the upper extremities (n=24, 66.7%), particularly in the digits, while 10 cases (27.8%) involved the lower extremities. Additionally, two rare cases were identified: one in the intergluteal region and another in the back. The fourth to sixth decades of life were the most commonly affected age range (77%). Conclusion: Our findings align with previous literature regarding the prevalence of glomus tumors in the upper extremities and their higher occurrence in middle-aged individuals. However, rare localizations, such as the intergluteal region and back, highlight the need for a broader clinical perspective when diagnosing unexplained chronic pain. Future multicenter studies with larger cohorts may provide further insights into the epidemiology and clinical spectrum of glomus tumors.