Effects of white and black garlic extracts on multiple cancer cells and fibroblast cells after irradiation

Background: Allium sativum (Garlic), is one of the oldest cultivated plants in the Liliaceae family. It has been used as a medicine for thousands of years. Garlic is one of the most important ampoule vegetables used as a spice and flavoring agent for food. White and black garlic contain a variety of beneficial minerals, vitamins and many other substances used for human health. In addition to vitamins, it contains sugar, protein, fat, calcium, potassium, phosphorus and sulfur. It is also used to treat a wide range of diseases including blood pressure and cholesterol, cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, fungal and wound healing, asthma, arthritis, chronic fever, tuberculosis, rhinitis, malaria, severe skin diseases, digestive disorders, diabetes, kidney stones, anemia, jaundice, epilepsy, cataract, and night blindness. The aim was to investigate the effects of garlic extract on irradiated colon cancer, neuroblastoma cancer cells and fibroblasts. Material and methods: In the study, colon, brain cancer, and fibroblast cells were replicated in a culture environment and treated for 24 hours with white garlic and fermented black garlic extracts. Cell viability was determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test. All results were statistically analyzed with GraphPad Prism (Version 8.0.3). Results: According to the results, the determined doses of garlics were treated with 24-hour garlic doses, after which the cells were first given 2 Gray radiation doses for combined radiation therapy. The MTT test determined cell vitality and evaluated the results through statistical analysis. Conclusion: According to our study, we have concluded that white garlic has a protective effect on radiation damage, while black garlic increases cancer cell death.