Histological Changes in Breast Tissue via the Expression of Her2, Cox-2 and Caspase 3 after the Administration of Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC and Moringa oleifera Leaves

&lt;b&gt;Background and Objective:&lt;/b&gt; Breast tissue may experience structural alterations due to variables including infection, illness, inflammation, or exposure to deleterious compounds, with 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) being a prevalent carcinogen utilized in cancer research. &lt;i&gt;Zanthoxylum acanthopodium&lt;/i&gt; DC and &lt;i&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/i&gt; leaves possess anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. This study aimed to determine the expression of Her2, Cox-2 and Caspase 3 as markers of breast carcinoma after administration of &lt;i&gt;Zanthoxylum acanthopodium&lt;/i&gt; DC and &lt;i&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/i&gt; leaves. &lt;b&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/b&gt; This study used 36 rats with 6 groups, namely C0: Normal mice, C&lt;sup&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;: Only DMBA injection, C&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;: DMBA-injected rats+Doxorubicin, P1: DMBA-injected rats+&lt;i&gt;Z. acanthopodium&lt;/i&gt; fruit, P2: DMBA-injected rats+100 mg/kg b.wt., of &lt;i&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/i&gt; leaves and DMBA-injected rats+50 mg/kg b.wt., of &lt;i&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/i&gt; leaves and 50 mg/kg b.wt., of &lt;i&gt;Z. acanthopodium&lt;/i&gt; fruit orally for 30 days then dissected and breast tissue was taken for immunohistochemistry procedures. The non-parametric data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests with a significance level of p<0.05. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The DMBA injection into the mammary tissue increases Her2 expression, infiltrates the surrounding tissue, including the stroma and forms a solid tumor mass with ambiguous boundaries. &lt;i&gt;Zanthoxylum acanthopodium&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/i&gt; alone reduced damaged tissue, however, their combined action boosted breast tissue Her2 expression but did not lower Cox-2 or Caspase 3 scores. The expression of Cox-2 in group C&lt;sup&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; differed significantly from P1 (p<0.05, p = 0.001). &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Zanthoxylum acanthopodium&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/i&gt; enhanced Caspase 3, which promotes apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Nevertheless, each plant individually diminished Her2 and Cox-2 expression more effectively than the combination.