SUSTAINABILITY GOVERNANCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE CURRENT STATE AND CHALLENGES IN ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND GOVERNANCE PRACTICES IN SAUDI ARABIA

The aim of this mixed-methods study is to survey the Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) practices in Saudi Arabian higher education, focusing on King Saud University and the College of Applied Studies and Community Service. Data was collected via questionnaires whose link was available on Blackboard. 64 university members (6 senior leaders, 8 faculty, 13 administrative staff, and 37 students) filled and submitted the questionnaires. The research aimed to assess ESG awareness, evaluate implementation, and identify challenges. Quantitative findings revealed generally positive perceptions of environmental awareness campaigns and social justice policies, but mixed views on clarity of sustainability goals. Qualitative data highlighted challenges including limited student awareness, non-binding policies, and a lack of evaluation mechanisms for sustainability projects. The study concludes that while ESG awareness is present, stronger policies, improved communication, and increased stakeholder engagement are needed for effective ESG integration in Saudi higher education.