WRC-27 Scientific Agenda Items: The Future of Science Services

The World Radiocommunication Conference 2023 (WRC-23) established a comprehensive agenda for WRC-27, addressing critical issues in satellite, terrestrial, and scientific services. Among the 19 agenda items, five focus on scientific services, including lunar communications, radio astronomy protection, space weather sensors, and Earth exploration services. This paper examines these agenda items, detailing the studies mandated by resolutions to ensure efficient spectrum allocation and protection against harmful interference. Key topics include the development of lunar communication systems, safeguarding radio astronomy through Radio Quiet Zones (RQZs), protecting passive sensors for space weather and Earth observation, and optimizing allocations for sea surface temperature (SST) measurements. The studies, guided by ITU-R study groups, aim to balance technological advancements with the protection of critical scientific activities. By promoting international cooperation and sustainable spectrum use, these efforts will support future regulatory decisions and enable a resilient global radiocommunication ecosystem.