Enhanced ISAC with Terahertz-Assisted STARS: A Comprehensive Approach

This paper presents a terahertz-enabled integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) system enhanced by a simultaneously transmitting and reflecting surface (STARS). By leveraging STARS to partition space into distinct zones, the system ensures communication quality while employing specialized sensors to capture echoes for high-precision target detection. The study considers constraints on user communication, transmit power, and STARS amplitude and phase, aiming to minimize the Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRB). To address the coupled variable challenges in the optimization, a Terahertz-STARS Hybrid Optimization (TSHO) algorithm is proposed, decoupling the objective into solvable sub-problems. Simulations validate the algorithm’s convergence and demonstrate that terahertz technology significantly boosts ISAC system detection capabilities without compromising communication performance, enabling comprehensive spatial services.