Diagnosis and treatment of retrobulbar abscess in a White New Zealand Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.)

Although retrobulbar abscesses are known as commonly encountered in domestic rabbits, there is insufficient information regarding the diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of the disease. It is also known that retrobulbar and skull abscesses are among the most difficult to treat. A 4-yr-old, 3 kg, male, White New Zealand rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.) was presented for exophthalmos in the left eye which started a while ago and progressed rapidly. On ophthalmologic examination deviation of the globe, third eyelid prolapse, chemosis, inability to blink and subsequent severe keratitis was noted. Diagnostic CT and ocular ultrasound were used and a mass compatible with abscess was detected in the retrobulbar area. Following unresponsive medical treatment, the abscess was surgically removed and the eye globe with irreversible damage was enucleated. Postoperative anti-inflammatory and antibiotic were prescribed, a drain was placed into socket. Although the treatment process was prolonged due to the relapse of the abscess 2 weeks after the operation, the patient fully recovered following local and systemic medical treatment for another 2 weeks. This study was to provide detailed information about the clinical findings, diagnosis, treatment and outcomes of retrobulbar abscess in a domestic rabbit.