Integration of PS-InSAR and SBAS Methods With Different DEM for Monitoring the Activity of the Kendeng Fault in the Surabaya and Waru Segments

The Kendeng Fault system, a prominent geological feature in East Java, significantly influences seismic activity in the region, particularly in Surabaya City. Understanding the dynamics of this fault system is crucial due to its potential impact on urban areas and infrastructure. This study focuses on monitoring fault activity in Surabaya by utilizing external Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data, specifically DEMNAS and Copernicus. We employ Sentinel-1 descending data collected from January 2022 to August 2024 to facilitate a comprehensive analysis. The research integrates two advanced remote sensing techniques: Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PS-InSAR) and Small Baseline Area Subset (SBAS). Both methods are adept at analyzing ground displacement, and their integration enhances the accuracy of deformation mapping. Notably, external DEM data is utilized during the processing stages of both PS-InSAR and SBAS, significantly improving the geospatial accuracy of and distribution point ground displacement to analyze and detail the results. Our findings reveal significant ground displacement patterns that are correlated with the activity of the Kendeng Fault, with a particular focus on its Waru and Surabaya segments. This research not only contributes to a deeper understanding of the seismic risks associated with the fault but also highlights the effectiveness of utilizing satellite radar data in monitoring geological hazards. Ultimately, the insights gained from this study can inform urban planning and disaster preparedness initiatives in Surabaya, aiming to enhance the resilience of the city against potential seismic events.