Machine Learning Classifiers for Predicting the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Healthcare 4.0

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) generic phrase used to describe heart or blood vessel illness. Conditions that impact the body’s, brain’s, or heart’s blood flow. Reduced blood flow can result from factors such as blood clots, leading to heart attack, angina, or stroke. Other potential meanings of CVD. These models offer key benefits like clear interpretability and the ability to analyze complex patterns, significantly enhancing the accuracy of cardiovascular disease risk predictions. The demerits of using SVM, LR, K-NN, and MLP for CVD prediction include inter-pretability issues, overfitting risks, data requirements, feature selection challenges, scalability concerns, algorithm complexity, and class imbalance. Collaboration between machine learning experts and healthcare professionals is essential for developing accurate and reliable CVD prediction models that enhance patient care. CVD is a significant health threat, often leading to fatal complications. Early detection is crucial for effective intervention. This study employs SVM (accuracy is 0.84%), LR (accuracy is 0.86%), K-NN (accuracy is 0.94%), and MLP (accuracy is 0.79%) machine learning techniques to enhance CVD detection by addressing outliers and null values, contributing to advancing automatic detection initiatives.