Hybrid Solar/Battery/Supercapacitor Integration in DC Microgrid for Electric Vehicle Charging

Many energy storage devices are available with various energy densities, charge rates, and discharge rates, but electric vehicle application requires unique characteristics that require high and low energy densities at various operating conditions. When combining these various storage system technologies, it is useful for a variety of applications. To improve the efficiency of renewable energy sources, hybrid supercapacitors and batteries are used. This study intends to design a hybrid solar system for e-bikes. The system uses two DC-DC converters namely buck/boost converter and buck converter for charging/discharging supercapacitor and battery respectively. The system also incorporates a photovoltaic array, which uses a perturb and observe algorithm and the decision tree algorithm. The system is designed for constant and pulsed load applications. The proposed system has been simulated in a MATLAB environment and the analysis has been done under various operating conditions. Finally, based on the simulation results and comparative analysis, the effectiveness of the proposed system has been proved.