Design and Implementation of SPV Based Water Pumping System Using AHM for Agriculture Applications - A Remote Monitor and Control Approach

Solar Photo Voltaic (SPV) based water pumping systems are increasingly being adopted in remote areas, utilizing solar energy for agricultural and irrigation purposes. This article presents an remote wireless approach to control the speed of a three-phase induction pump using Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) along with an developed additional hardware module (AHM). This AHM comprises of a wireless controller ESP 32, communication interface for VFD using RJ45 with RS485 Mod-bus based communication protocol. An algorithm is developed to control the speed of the pump based on irradiation of that particular location and can be set from any where in the world using wireless communication approach. Further to ensure to operate at maximum power point(MPP), it implemented Perturb and Observe (P&O) based algorithm to operate at MPP. This method optimizes solar power utilization during daylight and seamlessly switches to single-phase AC at night or in low irradiance, converting to three-phase AC for stable performance under varying conditions, ensuring continuous operation. The AHM enables real-time adjustments based on solar irradiance variations, reducing cost-effectiveness. Furthermore, the system can be control and monitor remotely, eliminating the need for human intervention and providing reliable water pumping for agricultural and irrigation needs in rural areas.