The Effect Of Soybean Extract Nanoemulgel (Glycine max (L.) Merill) On The Number Of Fibroblasts In The Healing Process Of Traumatc Ulcers (In Vivo Study on White Wistar Rats)

Background: Traumatic ulcers are a common oral lesion characterized by epithelial damage caused by trauma. They can heal spontaneously within 7-10 days but may develop into chronic ulcers if untreated. Current treatments like hyaluronic acid gels are effective but costly and can cause hypersensitivity reactions. This study aimed to analyze the effect of soybean extract (Glycine max (L.) Merill) formulated as a nanoemulgel on fibroblast proliferation during traumatic ulcer healing. Method: An in vivo study using male Wistar rats was conducted. Thirty rats were divided into five groups: nanoemulgel soybean extract at concentrations of 50%, 60%, and 70%, a positive control group (hyaluronic acid gel), and a negative control group (gel base). Treatments were applied daily for five days, after which fibroblast proliferation was evaluated histologically. Statistical analyses included Shapiro-Wilk, Levene's test, One-Way ANOVA, and Post hoc tests. Results: The 50% nanoemulgel soybean extract group showed the highest fibroblast count among treatment groups, indicating its potential in promoting ulcer healing. However, hyaluronic acid gel outperformed other groups. Variability in nanoemulsion preparation likely influenced the fibroblast count. Conclusion: Nanoemulgel soybean extract demonstrates promising effects on fibroblast proliferation in traumatic ulcer healing, particularly at 50% concentration. Despite limitations in preparation, the results highlight its potential as an alternative to conventional treatments. Further studies should optimize the formulation and assess its toxicity.