Prevalence with assessment of caregivers' awareness about the difference between true strabismus and pseudostrabismus in the first two years of life in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of true strabismus and pseudostrabismus as well as to assess caregivers' awareness about the difference between them in the first two years of life. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted during approximately 6 months starting from September 2023. It included all male and female caregivers attending the well-baby clinic and their children aged two years and below in King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia during the time of conducting the study. Inquiry about the awareness of parents about the difference between strabismus and pseudostrabismus was implemented through a self-administered validated questionnaire constructed by the researcher in English and Arabic. Results: The study included 104 caregivers. Their age ranged between 16 and 60 years with a mean of 31.1 years and a standard deviation of 8.4 years. Awareness of the participants regarding different types of strabismus, outward deviation, and inward deviation were recognized by 28.9% and 26% of the participants, respectively, whereas 15.4% of the participants did not know any type of strabismus. The total knowledge score was 10.85 ± 4.92, out of a possible maximum of 25. Overall correct answers were more significantly reported among higher educated participants. Conclusion: The prevalence of strabismus was mostly within the worldwide range. Knowledge of children's caregivers regarding strabismus and pseudostrabismus was suboptimal, particularly among lower-educated caregivers.