A Miniature Low-Power Environmental Monitoring System

With the advancement of technology and the acceleration of modern industrialization, the application fields of environmental monitoring technology are constantly expanding. However, in specific scenarios, such as locations with limited space or those difficult to access frequently, traditional environmental monitoring systems face challenges, particularly the inconvenience of power replacement. Therefore, designing a miniature low-power environmental monitoring system is of significant practical importance. This paper uses the STM32L412CBU6 as the core controller, combined with various sensors such as the CCS811 gas sensor, SHT20 temperature and humidity sensor, and OPT3001 light intensity sensor for data acquisition. The data is transmitted to the main controller and sent to the cloud platform via an NBIOT communication module, enabling remote data transmission and monitoring. While meeting monitoring requirements, this paper selects low-power devices and designs corresponding low-power control strategies. By optimizing software control, the system's operating duration is extended by approximately 10 days compared to traditional solutions. In addition, this paper applies the environmental monitoring system to movable cultural relic monitoring, tracking parameters such as gases, temperature and humidity, and light intensity around the relics. The feasibility of the system design is verified through testing in actual application scenarios.