Dual-Band Monopole Antenna Design for Low Profile IoT and Medical Applications

This paper presents the design of Dual-band compact microstrip patch antenna. The antenna was made of a material like FR-4 as a substrate and copper for the patch and ground. The design has a resonating frequency of $2.373 \mathbf{~ G H z}$ and 2.673 GHz for many small scale applications, and industrial applications with some significant Transmission characteristics. The proposed antenna was fabricated using a $30 \times 30 \mathrm{~mm}$ FR4 material substrate. This antenna has good characteristics for IoT communications, which is light weight and small in profile making its fabrication cost-effective as fabrication process easy. The height of the substrate is taken 1.5 mm as per consideration of bands and return losses. The design modeling incorporates highend simulation techniques using microwave CST Studio, allowing for the optimization of key performance metrics, including directivity, gain, and efficiency.