Adaptive Differential Protection of Electrical Busbar considering CT Saturation Detection using Power Spectral Density

Implementing proper busbar protection techniques is crucial for ensuring the security and reliability of electrical power distribution systems. By employing appropriate protection schemes, such as differential and overcurrent protection, busbar can be safeguarded from various faults, including short circuits and abnormal operating conditions. This is essential for preventing damage to the system and ensuring uninterrupted power supply to critical loads. An innovative method for busbar differential protection has been proposed, utilizing spectral power density as a key parameter. This innovative method aims to enhance the sensitivity of fault detection by adaptively changing the slope of the differential relay while also improving the system’s ability to differentiate between various faults and abnormal conditions. This advancement holds the potential to significantly improve the reliability and effectiveness of busbar protection systems in power distribution networks. This technique is immune to various levels of degree of CT saturation, hence making the system more reliable and stable in case of an internal/external fault occurrence. The model has been simulated on PSCAD and the results are verified giving better performance as compared to the conventional differential protection method.