A high-precision opto-ultrasonic grating instrument: enhanced durability, low maintenance cost, and potential in physics education

Abstract Traditional opto-ultrasonic grating instruments exhibit several limitations. Firstly, piezoelectric ceramics are prone to electrochemical corrosion, which shortens the instrument’s lifespan. Secondly, the sound velocity in liquids is highly sensitive to temperature variations, leading to measurement discrepancies under different thermal conditions. Additionally, the instrument’s large size not only complicates its operation and handling but also indirectly affects measurement accuracy. These issues collectively result in high maintenance costs and low portability of the equipment. To address these challenges, this instrument improved the traditional instrument by modifying the ultrasonic cavity structure, adding a temperature control system, and using a cage-like structure. The enhanced experimental instrument features a clear structure, complete functionality, and a prolonged lifespan. It meets experimental requirements, serving as a bridging experimental instrument from undergraduate to graduate studies, allowing students to better understand and master the use of related scientific research tools while also holding the potential to integrate Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics education into experimental physics.