Applications of Sustainable Electric Vehicle Infrastructures Using Stochastic Threshold Strategies in Green Transportation and Highway Networks

This study presents a queueing-theoretic framework for single-server electric vehicle (EV) charging networks, utilizing threshold-based strategies to enhance EV network efficiency associated with green transportation. The approach incorporates stochastic modeling and Chapman-Kolmogorov equations to dynamically modify service rates when demand reaches predetermined thresholds, thereby minimizing waiting times and optimizing server utilization. Further, numerous system performance indicators are demonstrated to emphasize the efficiency and superior performance of EV charging infrastructures located on green highway networks. Further, numerical results illustrate the model’s efficacy in addressing critical operational issues, providing a practical framework to enhance EV network performance and customer satisfaction.