Comportamiento de propiedades físicas, químicas y biológica del suelo en sistemas de producción agrícola

Soil is a non-renewable natural resource that guarantees plant nutrition, agricultural production and food sustenance for a constantly growing population. The objective of the work was to evaluate the behavior of physical, chemical and biological properties in agroecosystems established on the Santa Inés farm, El Oro, Ecuador. In five agroecosystems (banana, corn, pastures, cocoa and forest) previously selected, identified and georeferenced, soil samples were taken at three depths of the profile (0-15, 15-30 and 30-45 cm). The current state of soil degradation was estimated by optimal scaling from the values obtained in real density (Dr), pH, total N contents, assimilable P, exchangeable K, Ca, Mg, EC, CEC, MO and the textural class categories. Intensive and continued management in agroecosystems where alternatives for soil conservation and improvement are not applied cause an increase in compaction and a decrease in the content of OM, CIC and pH, as well as its ability to produce production in a sustained manner. The agricultural management of agroecosystems causes a negative impact on the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil when practices that contribute to its conservation and improvement are not applied.