Design of a Smart Physiological Monitoring System for the Elderly to Enable Predictive, Preventive, and Personalized Medicine

The global increase in the elderly population presents significant challenges to healthcare systems, requiring the development of innovative solutions for health monitoring. This study presents the design of a smart physiological monitoring system aimed at delivering predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine for elderly individuals. The overall system integrates a microcontroller-based hardware platform with Wi-Fi communication to enable real-time monitoring of key physiological metrics such as heart rate and body temperature. The system’s hardware design utilizes the STC89C52 microcontroller, interfaced with a heart rate detection circuit that employs the ADC0832 analog-to-digital converter to connect a heart rate sensor to the microcontroller, as well as a DS18B20 temperature sensor. The circuit is optimized for low power consumption and incorporates a Wi-Fi module. The software design of the system is based on an embedded platform, utilizing a lightweight real-time operating system to manage sensor data acquisition, processing, and communication. Algorithms for data filtering, anomaly detection, and real-time analysis are implemented to ensure accurate monitoring of physiological conditions. This study eventually concludes by emphasizing the system’s potential to improve elderly healthcare and support for predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine.