CHANGE OF THE GROWING SEASON IN THE CONTEXT OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN SLOVAKIA

Climate change significantly affects agriculture in Slovakia by altering precipitation patterns, temperatures, and the length of the growing season. Common effects include drought, more intense rainfall, higher summer temperatures, and increased pest populations, all of which influence crop production and livestock breeding. Human activities have already impacted atmospheric properties such as temperature, precipitation, CO2 levels, and ground-level ozone, and this trend is expected to continue. While warmer climates may benefit some crops, the increased frequency of droughts, floods, and heatwaves will challenge growers. In some regions, climate change may make crop cultivation unfeasible. Farmers in Slovakia must adapt to these changes to mitigate negative economic impacts. Adaptation strategies include using climate-resilient crop varieties, improving soil and water management, and adopting innovative agricultural technologies. Expanding crop cultivation into higher elevations is possible but depends on soil suitability. However, the risk of late frosts is a concern, as an extended growing season could lead to early blooming, followed by frost damage. Recognizing and addressing climate change's impact on agriculture is essential for ensuring sustainable production, supporting resilience, and reducing environmental harm.