Tourist Clusters as a Tool for the Implementation of the State Tourism Development Policy

The article updates the issues of the State policy of managing the development of tourist clusters, as a promising form of formation on the territory of the country of a complete set of entities that provide the main and auxiliary functions of tourist services and satisfy the needs of the population in tourist and related services. The aim of the article is to justify the methodological and applied provisions of the State policy of ensuring the development of tourist clusters as a tool for the implementation of the State policy of tourism development. It is proved that the restoration of the potential of tourism and its effective implementation, in particular at the stage of the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine, requires greater proactivity and a selective approach, in particular taking into account regional specifics and on the basis of the development of tourism as a complex. It is argued that the cluster approach should be considered a leading philosophy/idea, a conception for the development of the tourist complex of the Carpathian region of Ukraine, when the tourist complex is a single large tourist cluster formed by a set of business entities of various types of economic activity and industries, which, on the one hand, create and promote a holistic tourist product, however, on the other hand, jointly rationally and effectively use the resource, economic, infrastructural and other potential of the region. The stages of building a tourist cluster are defined, namely: 1) the formation of a tourist product; 2) the creation of a tourist offer; 3) customer support; 4) the consumption of tourist services; 5) the provision of a system of related services; 6) the development of demand for tourist services. The system of institutions of the tourist cluster, the functioning of which fully implements the tasks of each of these stages, is substantiated. Subsystems are defined, with the help of which the composition of cluster participants is formed, when the first one is formed by the main institutions directly related to the creation and provision of services (institutional subsystem), and the second – organizations responsible for performing a number of important functions (such as: marketing, consulting, socialization, investment and financing, audit, organization and control, etc.) and the formation of resource support (financial, intellectual and personnel, material and technical and technological, information and communication, etc.) of the tourist complex (subsystem of the functional and resource support).