The effects of the use of whitening mouthwash after home bleaching on the color stability and surface hardness of enamel

Higher concentrations of carbamide peroxide provide faster and more effective whitening. Whitening mouthwash containing HP and pyrophosphate is effective in maintaining tooth whiteness after home bleaching; however, its impact on enamel microhardness depends on the formulation. Notably, only Listerine in the Opalescence PF group significantly increased surface hardness. Given the drawbacks of HP, pyrophosphate-based mouthwash may serve as a safer alternative.