Agronomic performance and sugar yield potential of seven promising sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) clones in second ratoon cultivation

The decline in sugarcane productivity and the imbalance between sugar production and national consumption are largely attributed to the genetic degradation of long-cultivated commercial varieties and suboptimal ratoon management. This study evaluates the agronomic performance and sugar yield potential of seven promising sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) clones in their second ratoon cycle. The research was conducted at the Sugarcane Research and Development Center (P3T) in collaboration with PG Krembung, PT Perkebunan Nusantara X (PTPN X), in Watesari Village, Sidoarjo, Indonesia. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with one factor and nine treatments was employed. Statistical analysis comprised ANOVA at a 5% significance level, Least Significant Difference (LSD) test, genetic diversity analysis, and heritability estimation. The results revealed significant differences among the clones in stalk diameter, brix, stalk weight, yield, and sugar content. The JW01 UMG NX clone exhibited the highest stalk diameter (33.31 mm) and sugar recovery (11.64%), while the SB19 UMG NX clone demonstrated the highest stalk weight (165.28 tons/ha), brix (23.78 °Bx), and yield (18.79 tons/ha). Genetic diversity was low across all measured traits, but heritability values were high, suggesting a strong genetic influence. These findings indicate that JW01 UMG NX and SB19 UMG NX are highly productive and hold strong potential as candidates for new superior varieties (VUB) to support national sugar self-sufficiency.