An overview of surgical treatment of laryngeal cancer at the Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery of the Medical Faculty and UN Bratislava

Introduction: Laryngeal carcinoma is the eleventh most common form of cancer in men worldwide, and at the same time the second most common form of head and neck malignancy. The study deals with a 10-year retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics and treatment procedures in patients with laryngeal carcinoma. Materials and methods: We analyzed the data of patients with laryngeal cancer who were dia gnosed and treated at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery of the Faculty of Medicine, UK and UN in Bratislava between 2012 and 2021. We focused on the evaluation in terms of basic characteristics, localization and extent of the tumor, and type of treatment. In the next part, we analyzed a set of patients in terms of the completed treatment modality and control endoscopies. Results: A total of 427 patients were included in the group, of which 390 were men (91%) and 37 were women (9%), and the average age of the patients was 63.6 years. In terms of tumor localization, glottic tumors were the most represented (N = 256) and subglottic tumors were the least represented (N = 10). Transoral surgical procedures were performed more often than surgical procedures from the external approach. The most common type of chordectomy was type III chordectomy. Partial resections from the external approach were performed only until 2016, after which they were no longer performed. The number of laryngectomies was equal in the analyzed years, laryngopharyngectomies were not very frequent, and only 6 of them were performed in our group. Up to 93% of procedures from the external approach were combined with neck dissection, while 7% of the procedures were separate. Of the control endoscopies, the most common procedure was the fi rst control endoscopy. Then, 111 patients from the entire group underwent primary non-surgical treatment. Conclusion: The representation of men was higher than the representation of women. Most laryngeal tumors were located in the glottis area. Transoral surgical treatment prevailed in the analyzed group, with chordectomy type III being the most common. The vast majority of curative surgical procedures from the external approach were combined with neck dissection. Key words larynx – malignancy – dia gnostic procedures – surgery